?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fdoktori.bibl.u-szeged.hu%2Fid%2Feprint%2F11058%2F&rft.title=Nitric+oxide+synthase+dysfunctionality+in+the+umbilical+cord+vascular+system+during+twin+birth+correlates+with+maturity+and+birth+weight+of+the+neonates&rft.creator=+Chakraborty+Payal&rft.subject=01.+Term%C3%A9szettudom%C3%A1nyok&rft.subject=01.06.+Biol%C3%B3giai+tudom%C3%A1nyok&rft.subject=01.06.03.04.03.+Molekul%C3%A1ris+markerek+%C3%A9s+azonos%C3%ADt%C3%A1s&rft.description=The+maternal+physiological+state+during+pregnancy+have+an+excess+demand+for+oxygen+supply+which+can+easily+disrupt+the+redox+homeostasis+balance.+There+is+a+change+in+the+maternal+haemodynamic+profile+with+an+increased+cardiac+output%2C+reduced+systemic+vascular+resistance+and+blood+pressure+(de+Haas+et+al.%2C+2017).+In+response+to+this+high+oxygen+demand+red+blood+cell+(RBC)+mass+level+steadily+increases+by+20-30%25+from+8+to+10+weeks+of+the+gestational+period+till+the+end+of+pregnancy+(Foley%2C+2018).+In+connection+to+that%2C+there+are+increasing+evidences+of+enhanced+oxidative+insults+during+intrauterine+development+leading+to+severe+abnormalities+or+pathological+states+like+spontaneous+miscarriage%2C+preterm+delivery%2C+preeclampsia%2C+ectopic+pregnancy%2C+intrauterine+growth+restriction+(IUGR)%2C+placental+abruption%2C+perinatal+death+etc.+Moreover%2C+in+cases+of+multiple%2Ftwin+pregnancy+there+is+an+additional+stress+with+the+greater+risks+of+miscarriage%2C+anaemia%2C+preterm+delivery%2C+gestational+hypertensive+disorders%2C+IUGR%2C+diabetes+operative+delivery+and+related+postnatal+and+neonatal+illnesses.+Modern+usage+of+in-vitro+fertilization+(IVF)+therapies+led+to+higher+incidence+of+multiple+pregnancies.+There+have+been+relevant+data+on+the+increasing+foetal%2C+neonatal+and+perinatal+mortality+rate+of+3-6+times+in+twin+and+5-15+times+in+other+multiple+pregnancies+with+comparison+to+the+singleton+pregnancies.+%0D%0ADuring+pregnancy%2C+the+connection+between+the+mother+and+the+foetus+is+provided+by+the+placenta+and+the+umbilical+cord.+The+umbilical+cord+vascular+system+is+the+sole+pathway+of+oxygen+and+nutrient+transport+to+the+foetus+from+the+placenta.+Therefore%2C+the+major+obstetric+complications+are+directly+or+indirectly+connected+to+the+placental+or+umbilical+cord+disorders+causing+intrauterine+hypoxia+and%2For+impaired+blood+flow+to+the+developing+foetus.+The+major+part+of+umbilical+cord+lacks+innervations+and+hence+the+vascular+tone+is+mainly+regulated+by+nitric+oxide+(NO)%2C+i.e.+derived+from+the+endothelial+nitric+oxide+synthase+(NOS3).+The+NO+being+a+potent+vasoactive+agent+causes+vasodilation+and+increases+the+rate+of+perfusion%2C+nutrient+and+oxygen+supply.+Usually+intensive+prenatal+care+and+surveillances+are+done+in+high+risk+cases+like+multiple%2Ftwin+pregnancy+by+the+advanced+non-invasive+biomedical+devices.+The+usage+of+high+performance+equipment+like+Blood+oxygen+level-dependent%E2%80%93magnetic+resonance+imaging+was+utilized+to+study+changes+in+the+placental+oxygenation+status+in+human+pregnancies.+It+can+also+assess+the+placental+perfusion+and+oxygen+transport.+Similarly%2C+ultrasound+and+Doppler+flow+measuring+techniques+not+only+can+visualize+the+umbilical+cord+but+simultaneously+can+assess+the+foetal+blood+flow+parameters+through+the+umbilical+cord+vessels.+These+approaches+can+easily+detect+any+abnormalities+in+the+umbilical+cord+circulation%2C+but+lacks+to+highlight+the+underlying+molecular+mechanisms+behind+any+kind+of+impaired+functionality+in+the+foetal+vascular+system+that+can+highly+influence+the+in-utero+development.+Further+on+this+topic+we+elaborated+in+details.&rft.date=2022-05-10&rft.type=Disszert%C3%A1ci%C3%B3&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdoktori.bibl.u-szeged.hu%2Fid%2Feprint%2F11058%2F1%2FPayal.%2520Chakraborty%2520Thesis%25202021.pdf&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdoktori.bibl.u-szeged.hu%2Fid%2Feprint%2F11058%2F2%2FThesis%2520book-Finalized.pdf&rft.identifier=+++Chakraborty+Payal%0A+++Nitric+oxide+synthase+dysfunctionality+in+the+umbilical+cord+vascular+system+during+twin+birth+correlates+with+maturity+and+birth+weight+of+the+neonates.%0A++Doktori+%C3%A9rtekez%C3%A9s%2C+Szegedi+Tudom%C3%A1nyegyetem+(2000-).+%0A(2022)+++++&rft.language=eng